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What Are the Elements with Strongest Impact on Life Expectancy?: A Study Focused on the United Mexican States During Recent Years
Nedvěd, Vojtěch ; Paulus, Michal (advisor) ; Herman, Dominik (referee)
In this thesis, we focus on the determinants of life expectancy at birth in Mexico's federative entities. The aim is to consider three selected variables determining life expectancy - health care expenditures, unemployment, and school enrolment. We use panel data for up to 21 year period (1994-2014) controlling for already well-examined determinants (vaccination coverage, literacy rate, and infant mortality rate). Fixed e↵ect or random e↵ect estimation is applied according to the hypo- theses. Robustness test is performed using Principal Component Analysis including proxies of the main four groups of variables a↵ecting life expect- ancy - economic, social, health care and environmental. The results suggest a positive e↵ect of health care expenditures on life ex- pectancy at birth. However, a significant e↵ect of unemployment or primary school enrolment is not confirmed. Principal Component Analysis suggests the existence of additional determinant related to health care expenditures a↵ecting life expectancy. This thesis contributes to the debate on discussed variables (healthcare expenditures, unemployment, and primary school enrollment) related to life expectancy. We also extend the limited research on life expectancy in Mexico and Latin America.
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Health care expenditures- future prospects and current situation
Škrobák, Martin ; Izák, Vratislav (advisor) ; Klazar, Stanislav (referee)
Diploma thesis "Health care expenditures- future prospects and current situation" is focused on three areas linked to health care expenditures in EU and USA. First area, health expenditures financing, is analyzed in first chapter of the thesis. In the chapter, the development of modern health systems from its beginnings to 2014 is described. Second chapter is based on statistical hypothesis testing- paired two-sample t-tests. Firstly, share of health expenditures on GDP in 2000 and 2014 is tested. Secondly, share of public financing on health expenditures in 2000 and 2014 in tested. Third chapter explores influence of demography factors on health care expenditures and tests structure of health care expenditures in 2004 and 2013.
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Comparison of health systems' development of Visegrad Group
Koubová, Lenka ; Maaytová, Alena (advisor) ; Láchová, Lenka (referee)
The work provides a study of income and expenditure of the health care system in the states of Visegrad Group during the period of 2003-2011. The aim of the work is to identify, quantify and then compare the revenues and expenditures of health systems in Hungary, Poland, the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic. The first chapter introduces the theoretical background of the health care and deviding health system according to a source of financing. The second chapter describes individual health care systems, ways of financing and recent reforms conducted in the field of the health care. The third chapter analyzes incomes and expenditures of individual countries. The last chapter compares the states of Visegrad Group in terms of financing health care.
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Health economics: What heals us and what kills us
Janovský, Stanislav ; Houdek, Petr (advisor) ; Misic, Viktorija (referee)
This study deals with the health production function. It analyzes the impact of health care, socioeconomic, lifestyle and environmental factors on the mortality and life expectancy of the population of the Czech Republic. The analysis is made by linear regressions with time series data for the period from 1993 to 2011. Health care is measured by health care expenditures or by non-monetary indicators, the number of doctors and the consumption of pharmaceuticals. The results show that higher health care expenditures increase the mortality and reduce life expectancy. On the other hand higher number of doctors and higher consumption of pharmaceuticals improve the health status of the population. It may indicate inefficiency and corruption in health sector. Important factors that positively influence health are wealth, education and fruit and vegetable consumption, smoking affects health negatively. The results suggest that health care policy should focus not only on effective allocation of health care expenditures but also on lifestyle and socioeconomic status of the population. The limits of this work are short time series which don't allow the use of the lagged explanatory variables.
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